A Prospective Cohort Study to Record the Early Complications in Late Preterm Neonates and Maternal Factors Affecting Preterm Deliveries in a Tertiary Health Center
Tazneem Shah, Rathinasamy Muthusamy, Rajakumar P Gangadharan
Citation Information :
Shah T, Muthusamy R, Gangadharan RP. A Prospective Cohort Study to Record the Early Complications in Late Preterm Neonates and Maternal Factors Affecting Preterm Deliveries in a Tertiary Health Center. 2023; 6 (4):69-72.
Introduction: Late preterm newborns are at a higher risk of morbidity as compared to term infants, and as a result, they require additional attention and care during their early neonatal period in order to prevent probable complications. Late preterm infants are defined as those newborns born between 34 weeks and 36 weeks and six days of gestation. They do not acquire the significant and chronic illnesses that are commonly seen in infants born before 34 weeks of gestation. Late preterm babies are typically recognized and treated as though they are term babies and they develop issues during their initial days of life.
Methodology: This is a prospective cohort study conducted among newborns born during the study period of 18 months in a tertiary health center and their outcomes were studied. The newborns were observed and the general condition of the newborns was monitored during the initial 5 days of life in the hospital. Observation of common maternal factors leading to preterm births was also noted.
Results: In our study, the mean baby weight was recorded as 2.57 ± 0.55. Among the preterm neonates, only 66% didn't have any complication, and 34% developed complications. In the preterm group, among mothers 16% had diabetes, 13% had hypertension and 5% had primary rupture of members (PROM). We also noticed that birth weight, and baby weight for diabetic mothers was significant in the preterm group, and hypoglycemia, hypothermia, hyperbilirubinemia, respiratory distress, and feeding difficulty were found to be statistically significant and the risk factor and gestational age were statistically significant. (p-value < 0.001).
Discussion and conclusion: We conclude that infants who are late preterm are more likely to experience various neonatal complications. The majority of preterm newborns delivered at secondary-care institutions are late preterm neonates. Hospitalizations for birth and morbidity are important risks for them. Regardless of their physical characteristics, late preterm infants should get the same level of medical care as other pre-terms.
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